Refrigerating apparatus



July 14, 1931. H. scHARNAGEL ET AL 1,813,960 I REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Sep. 29, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 45 if J4 Z mmm July 14, 1931. H. SCHARNAGI. ET AL l 1,813,960

REFRIGERATING' APPARATUS Filed Sept. 29, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet f5 INI 'E'TOR JY f f2 5 @a iff c@ July 14, 1931. H. SCHARNAGEL ET AL 1,813,960

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 29, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 f ORNEY.

July 14, 1931. H. scHANAcall-:L 'r AL 1,813,960

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed sept. 29, 1926 5 sheets-sheet` f5' hl y 1l/A/ /fj /zljl Patented July '14, 1931 UNITED- sTA'rEsj PATENT OFFICE HERMAN soEAENAGEL, E TomrxrNsvrLLE, NEW Yonx, AND MATTHEW n. LoUGHRrDGE, 0E BOGOTA, NEW JEEsEY, AssIeNoEs To HARRY W. nYETaoE NEW YORK, N. Y.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Application filed September 29, 1926. Serial No. 138,444.

The invention relates to a mechanical re- .frigerating system and apparatus and has .for an object to simplifv the construction and improve the operation of mechanically 6 operated refrigerators as more particularly described in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which, Fig 1 is a sectional elevation of the -,pump mechanism` used with this system,

Fig.2 is a sectional elevation at right angles to Fig. 1 showing the details of the pump mechanism, Fig. is an alternative arrangement showing in section an induction motor a for operating the pump, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the top of the oil separator, Fig. .5 is a sectional elevation of the oil separator, Fig. 6 is a front view of the coupling used between the pump and the oil separtor, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the metho of connecting the various parts,'Figs. 8 and 9 are details of flexible metallic hose that may be used for the piping with this invention,

Fig. 10 is a modified pump construction, Fig. 11 shows a top plan view with certain parts section of the pump, motor and cooling tank, Fig. 12 is a front view of a refri erator with the doors open, Fig.` 13 is a si e view corresponding to Fig. y12 and Fig. 14 shows in section the condensing coil and associated apparatus.

The present linvention comprises means v for circulating a highly volatile refrigerant in a closed circuit system in which the refrigerant is forced by apump through a condensing coil where it is air cooled and liquefied, then through an expansion valve, then through a cooling coil in the chamber to be cooled and. back to the pump where the operation is repeated. The pump is driven by an electric motor and maybe controlled automatically by a thermostat in the cooling chamber or mav be controlled l by the pressure in the system which varies v ber. l

The pump is of the gear type directly connected on the motor shaft and operated throu h the medium of a heavy oil. The oil an' the gaseous `refrigerant are .delivered to the pump at the same place, the delivery with the temperature of the coolingchamof the oil being controlled by `a needle valve. `The oil and gas mixtures are delivered at pressure to the oil separator where thefoil by gravity is separated out and the refrigerant passes over to the condenser coil where it is cooled and liquefied by the circulation `of air created by an air fan driven by the motor. After being liquefied the refrigerant passes through an expansion valve to the cooling coil in the cooling chamber from which it returns lto the pump to be used again.

In the drawings, 11 is the pump which comprises a rectangular block to which the sections 12 and 13 are bolted by the bolts 14 and 15. These parts are maintained in alignment by the dowels 16. The section 13 has a circular aperture 17 which aligns with the,

aperture 18 above the gear chamber, Fig. 2

and with which it communicates through the aperture 19.

The pump comprises vthe gears 2O and 21.

The gear 21 is mounted on the shaft 22 and' drlyen by the motor hereafter described.` This gear meshes with the gear 20. Thesev gears have spiral teeth and rotate within the confined space shown.

The receivingchamber 23 is parallel with v and below thegears and communicates with the gear chamber -by the aperture shown. The oil enters this chamber through the pipe 29 which is bolted against the pump by the head 30 seating on a gasket. Through the passage 28 the oil enters the receiving-chamber 23 through the port 24 whichis adjusted by the needle valve 25 on the end of the screw 26. This screw is adjusted by a screwdriver when the plug l27 is removed. The

refrigerant enterschamber 23 through the,

passage 67a, mixes with the oil and is taken up`by the pump gears and` delivered under pressure into the enlarged chamber 18v and from there through the connecting passage 41 to the oil separator hereafter described.

The shaft 22 of the pump gear is supported by an out-bound bearing31 engaging the collar 35 of the casting 11 and secured in place by the bolts shown. The bearing of this shaft is made oil tight bythe packing 34 which =is compressed by the collar 33 and `the spring 32. Where alternating current at 22a4 and carries the rotor 39 which is i. plate 40. "1o

driven by the stator 38 inthe housing 37.

This housing is aenclosed by an air tight end Y The `oil separator- 44 connects with the pumpthrough the pipe 42, coupling 43 and pipe 41. Opposite the pipe 42vis the baffle 45 projecting in'to the chamber 46 and deecting the mixture from the pump 'downwards into the base 47 which is detachablysecured by the flange 48 to the upper section 44, and the latter is provided with fins at 49 to radiate the heat from the separator. The mixture settles in chamber 46 and the refrig erant separates leaving by the top opening 50 while the oil returns to the pump through the bottom opening 51. A pressure gage 77, Fig. 7 is connected to chamber 46 through the opening52'. Cocks lare provided at 53 and '54 for'the purpose of testing lthe oil.

level in chamber 46 and a drainage is proy vided ai 55.

lThe system is operated as shown in 7 by motor 61 through shaft 64,'couplings 62 and 63 and shaft of pump 22. The, fan 65 is mounted on shaft 64 to cool the condenser pipe 67.

The motor 61 may. be automatically con-l trolled by the pressure in the system through 72. When the motor' is.' running, oil isv l pumped from the -separator 44 through pipe 66 and is discharged by the pump through pipe 41 under pressure backlinto the sepa-- rator and is continually circulated in this i manner. v Y

Refrigerant is pumpedifrom the.cooling coil or .evaporator 68 'in the cooling chamber 69 through the pipe-67 a-fter passing through the cooling chamber and is mixed with the oil from pipe 66 and discharged under pressurewwith the oil through pipe 41 into the separator 44.' In the separator the oil, by gravity, falls to the bottom and the refrigerant is released as a gas passing out at the top of the separator through pipe 71, condenser coil 72, where it is cooled bythe fan 65,'through the expansion valve 73, regulat ed by the needle valve 74 and through the pipe 75 to the cool'in'gicoil 68 and return to thepump by the pipe 67 A gage 7 6 may be provided to show the pressure in the return has a nollow T-shaped extension 105, 11 which constitutes the separator.` transverse channel 101 from the chamber 18 leads to the chamber 103 with thebale 102 opposite the orifice of 101. The oil returnsto the pump by the passage 28 near the base of 103 and the refrigerant is taken off by pipe 104 at the top.`

The construction in Fig. 11 shows the motorfpump and cooling coil built as a consolidated unit on the same base'withv the object of saving space and making the apparatus convenient to apply in existing boxes. The base 116@ supports the motor 37,'.the pump 11 and the cooling tank 107 in which the cooling coil 106 is placed. The ice tray 108 may also be placed in an aperture in this tank. A partition .37a may be used to separate the motor from the other, apparatus or it may be otherwise insulated. The motor 37 is preferably of the induction type so that noexposed mov- 'ingapparatus is used and the encloseda mechanism will run almost silently.

It) is desirable that the base 1160'. be slidably mounted so that the apparatus maybe removed from its housing for inspection and for cleaning of the housing. AFor this purpose the lpiping to the apparatus is expansible by the use of swivel joints` in the pipes.

Thus pipe 109 from the coil 106 is swiveled.

where it leaves the tank 107 andis swiveled will be observed that this lazyjack arrangement of piping permits the freesliding movement of the base 116er without disconnecting the apparatus. It rshouldbe noted that the swivel joints referred to are located in the compartment with the re frigerator `unit and the connections are made to piping fixed in the refrigerator.

The apparatus in Fig. 11 is shown assembled in Fig. 12 in one chamber of the refrigerator 124, leavin the other chambers w-'-a free for refrigerating purposes. Slides 126 are provided below the base .116a to facilitate the removal of the apparatus.v

The arrangement described does not insclude the condenser Coil nor the means for cooling this coil. The common practice is to use a coil with a fan circulating air around it and this arrangement may be used with the construction described, however, it is preferredto eliminate the fan and all exposedmoving ap aratus and-use instead a coil cooled by a ue arrangement located on the. back of the refrigerator. This flue/'s indicated at 123, Fig. 13 and .is shown, partly in section in the elevation in Fig. 14. TheV condenser coil 117 is vloma y ible pipe coil 121. The heat from coil 117 causes vaporization of the liquid in tank 119 which vapour rises throu h the pipe coil to be cooled and condense by the air circulation in the Hue.

Any .of the well known refrigeratin Huids may be used with this' system, sucas methyl chloride which'circulates in a closed circuitv system and which is compressed by the pump, cooled in the condenser and passed through the cooling tank where it extracts heat fromv the brine, producing refrigeration and is returned to the pump, to repeat the cycle of operation.

A novel construction contemplated by this invention is the use of Hexible metallic hose instead of solid pipin This hose, Fig. 8,. is wound in a spiral rom a strip of metal with overlapped interloclng edges as shown in section at 131, 132, Fig. 9; A layer of asbestos or sealing fibre 133 is placed between the sections which makes the hose pressure proof. The enlarged exposed me tallic Walls of this tubin make it particularly valuable in re rigerator work where large radiatin areas are desired.

Having thus descri ed our invention, we claim:

1. A refrigerating system asdescribed comprising a cabinet with an evaporator therein, said evaporator mounted on a slide for sliding into and out of said compartment, a condenser located outside said cabinet, and piping connecting said evaporator with said condenser, said piping arranged to expand like a lazy-jack to ermit said evaporator to move on said sli e.

2. A refrigerator system as described compris' a cabinet with an evaporator therein, a. vertlcal Hue located at one side of said cabinet, a tank containing a volatile liquid,

" a condenser located in said tank connected with said eva orator and a coil extending from said ta through said Hue. 3. In a refrigerating system asdescribed, the combination, a motor, a pump operated4 by said motor, a condenser and a cooling element, means connecting said pump, condenser and cooling element for the circulation of a refrigerant in said system, said condenser comprising coils formed from Hexible metallic hose.

4. A refrigerating system as described i comprising a cabinet having a compartment,

eeo

a refrigerating unit'coinprising a pump and an evaporator housed in said compartment and mounted to be movable from said compartment, a condenser forming part of saidl 5. In a refrigerating system, the combilnation, a'motor, a-pump operated by sald4 motor, a condenser and an evaporator, and means comprising Hexible metallic hose made from a spirally wound strip of metal for connecting said pump, condenser and evaporator in a closedsystem for the circulation of a refrigerant therein.

y from said compart- In testimony wereof we aHix our signatures. P

' MATTHEW H. LOUGHRIDGE.

HERMAN SCHARNAGEL. v 

